Sefarad
type: channel
description: E-ISSN: 1988-320X P-ISSN: 0037-0894
language: en
publication name: Sefarad
items: The Nexus of Human Capital Development, Digital Leadership, and Sustainable Business Performance in the Digital Era
items: A Study on "Four-Wheel Drive" Ideological-Political Education Integration in MPAcc Graduates' Strategic Management Course
items: Examining the Constructive Role of AI-Language Learning Apps in Boosting Student’s Interactive Skills Up: A Meta-analysis
items: The Impact of Psychological Safety in the Blue-Collar Workforce and Their Team Effectiveness
items: Strategic Realignments in Indo–Saudi Arabia Relations under Modi: Implications for Pakistan
items: Unveiling Linguistic Oppression: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Gender and Power in A Thousand Splendid Suns by Khaled Hosseini
items: Unraveling Digital Identity, Trauma and Memory: An Analysis of Posthumanism in Jennifer Egan’s The Candy House (2022)
items: Ambidextrous Leadership and Entrepreneurial Orientation: A Dual-Path Strategy for Enhancing Operational Performance in Pakistan's Pharmaceutical Sector
items: https://sefaradjournal.net/index.php/view/article/view/21
items: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Language and literature
items: Reflections on the meaning of the main gates of Fatimid Cairo based on the dynasty’s doctrine, historiography and material remains
items: A Research into the Fact That Media Have Direct Effects on People in Different Ways
items: Political Islam in Laila Lalami’s “The Fanatic” and Hanif Kureishi’s “My Son the Fanatic”
items: Application of Quality Standards in the Pillars and Conditions of the “Istisna” “Manufacture” Contract
items: Poetic Responses to the Crucifixion in the Early Islamic Periods
items: Charting New Horizons: A Paradigm Shift in the Methodology of Islamic Economics
items: Understanding Political Obedience in Ḥadīth Literature
items: Semantic Fields in the Play Man and the Other by Yasser Madkhali: A Semantic Study
items: The effect of premenstrual syndrome on delinquency In Iranian law
items: The Effect of "Police Image" in Hong Kong Gangster Films on the Public's Perception of Police
items: A Semiotic Discourse Analysis of Billboards in Multan
items: Famous Pathan personalities in Iqbal's poetry
items: The novel "Khas wa Khashak Zamanay" in the context of 9/11 and terrorism
items: Surveying Ecological Narratives in Pakistani Electronic Media Commercials: A Multi Modal Discourse Analysis
items: Depiction of the Informal Waste Sector in Mridula Koshy's Novel Bicycle Dreaming
items: Orientalism and Colonial Legacies in Bollywood’s Film Earth (1999)
items: Bridging Hearts and Cultures: Embracing Interfaith Marriages in Islam
items: Critical Elements in Determining Housing Satisfaction among Households: A Systematic Literature Review

The Nexus of Human Capital Development, Digital Leadership, and Sustainable Business Performance in the Digital Era
type: item
description: Purpose - In this research, the relationship between Human Capital Development (HCD) and Digital Leadership (DL) and Sustainable Business Performance (SBP) is examined by considering the mediating effect of Technological Innovation (TI) and Digital Business Strategies (DBS), the moderating effect of Digital Culture (DC). The study seeks to elaborate on how human and digital competencies can be combined to promote sustainability in organizations in the digital era. Design/Methodology - A quantitative research design was adopted using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) technique. A structured survey of managers and professionals across various industries, focusing on digital transformation and sustainability initiatives, was used to collect data. Findings - HCD and DL have a significant impact on TI and DBS, further improving SBP. DBS facilitates the interactions between both HCD and DL with SBP, whereas DC has a positive moderating role between DBS and SBP. These results substantiate the combined roles of human, technological, and cultural aspects in achieving sustainability. Originality/Value - This paper offers an extensive design of the relationship between human capital, leadership, technology, and culture to sustainable performance. It also adds to the existing literature by identifying the mediating role of DBS and the moderating role of DC, providing not only theoretical information but also practical advice on ensuring sustainability in the context of digital transformation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Human Capital Development, Digital Leadership, Technological Innovation, Digital Business Strategies, Digital Culture, Sustainable Business Performance, PLS-SEM.
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr.Liaqat Ali
creator: Dr. Mubashir Ali Khan
creator: Dr. Mehboob Ahmad
creator: Dr. Muhammad Asif
creator: Dr. Khawar Hussain
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sefarad
date: 2025-12-31
publication date: 2025-12-31
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18341971

A Study on "Four-Wheel Drive" Ideological-Political Education Integration in MPAcc Graduates' Strategic Management Course
type: item
description: Against the backdrop of China’s emphasis on integrating Ideological and Political Education (IPE) into higher education, graduate education faces the dual challenge of enhancing professional competence and nurturing value orientation. Targeting Master of Professional Accounting (MPAcc) graduates at North Minzu University (NMU)—a university directly under the State Ethnic Affairs Commission—this study addresses three critical gaps in traditional Strategic Management courses: awkward integration of IPE with professional knowledge, a disconnect between theory and practice, and insufficient integration of Chinese excellent management culture. A "Four-Wheel Drive" curriculum-based IPE system is constructed, centered on "ideological guidance, classroom facilitation, practical engagement, and cultural transmission." Through clarifying dual-track educational goals, innovating a "four-in-one" teaching model, building multi-collaborative practice platforms, and exploring the connotation of Chinese excellent management culture, the system achieves synergistic improvement in students’ professional capabilities, IPE literacy, and cultural confidence. Empirical results from five years of practice show that the course satisfaction rate reaches 98%, with students securing 4 national-level and 3 provincial/ministerial-level awards in academic and practical competitions, and publishing 15 academic papers. The course has been recognized as a "Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Graduate Model Course." This study provides a replicable and scalable practical paradigm for curriculum-based IPE reform in management graduate programs, especially in ethnic regions, and offers new insights for the in-depth integration of professional education and value leadership.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Graduate education; Strategic management; Ideological-political education in courses; Four-wheel drive; Teaching reform; Applied talent cultivation
  topic: keywords
creator: Weihua Duan
creator: Mengyan Zhang
creator: Wei Ye
creator: Muhammad Asif (PhD)
creator: Dr. Muzammel Shah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sefarad
date: 2025-12-18
publication date: 2025-12-18
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.17983314

Examining the Constructive Role of AI-Language Learning Apps in Boosting Student’s Interactive Skills Up: A Meta-analysis
type: item
description: The present study aims to examine the constructive role of AI language learning applications in boosting students’ second language proficiency and to reveal the way these apps help students to improve their interactive skills. The researchers have employed qualitative method to get an in-depth understanding of the phenomenon. Hence, the study can be perceived as a meta-analysis of the research that has previously been done on the role of AI in language acquisition across the globe. A particular sample of fifteen research papers from the last five years has been selected through purposive sampling. However, within a perspective to make the study more authentic and for the verification of the results of meta-analysis, the researchers have conducted a semi-structured interview also of 30 students from the tertiary level. The researchers examined the collected data under the lens of thematic analysis to highlight the changes that the use of those particular language applications brought in terms of students’ interactive skills. The results revealed a significant improvement in every aspect of students’ vocabulary acquisition, grammatical comprehension, and conversational fluency.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Artificial Intelligence, tertiary level students, language acquisition, language proficiency, and mixed method study.
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Durr-e-Nayab
creator: Dr. Abida Kausar Chaudhary
creator: Ayesha Bashir
creator: Gulnaz Jehanzeb
creator: Kiran Zafar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sefarad
date: 2025-11-25
publication date: 2025-11-25
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.17714107

The Impact of Psychological Safety in the Blue-Collar Workforce and Their Team Effectiveness
type: item
description: Purpose: This study investigates the role of psychological safety in enhancing team effectiveness among blue-collar employees in Pakistan’s manufacturing sector. It explores how supportive environments—where workers feel safe to voice concerns, share ideas, and take interpersonal risks—contribute to stronger collaboration, communication, and performance outcomes. Study Design / Methodology: A quantitative, cross-sectional research design was employed. Data were collected from 385 blue-collar workers across diverse manufacturing units using the Psychological Safety Inventory (PSI-2023) and the London Institute of Leadership Team Effectiveness Scale (2020). Statistical analyses, including correlation, regression, moderation, and ANOVA, were conducted to test hypotheses. Findings: Results revealed a significant positive correlation between psychological safety and team effectiveness (r = 0.61, p < 0.01). Regression analysis confirmed psychological safety as a strong predictor of team effectiveness (β = 0.59, R² = 0.37, p < 0.001). Moderation analysis showed that authoritarian hierarchies weakened the psychological safety–effectiveness relationship, whereas longer team tenure enhanced it. Workers with more than 21 years of experience reported the highest levels of psychological safety, reflecting the role of trust and shared norms. Leadership behaviors were generally supportive but constrained by hierarchical structures. Practical Implications: The findings emphasize the strategic value of psychological safety in improving communication, problem-solving, and productivity in blue-collar teams. Organizations can foster team effectiveness by adopting participative leadership styles, reducing hierarchical barriers, and leveraging experienced employees as peer mentors. These insights provide actionable guidance for managers and policymakers in Pakistan’s manufacturing sector, aligning with the UN Sustainable Development Goals on decent work, gender equality, and reduced ineq…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Psychological Safety, Blue-Collar Workforce, Team Effectiveness, Leadership, Manufacturing Sector
  topic: keywords
creator: Mushtaque Ali
creator: Mustaghis Ur Rahman
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sefarad
date: 2025-11-20
publication date: 2025-11-20
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.17666171

Strategic Realignments in Indo–Saudi Arabia Relations under Modi: Implications for Pakistan
type: item
description: Since the commencement of Prime Minister Narendra Modi's administration, the relationship between Saudi Arabia and India has transitioned from cautious, transactional exchanges to one marked by substantial strategic convergence. This shift is occurring due to India's growing prominence in the global sphere, the proliferation of commercial prospects, and the rising demand for energy resources. This development is transforming the security dynamics in the Gulf and displacing Pakistan from its formerly preferred position in Riyadh's foreign policy framework. The principal aim of the study is to determine how this realignment has altered Pakistan's political, economic, and security objectives. The paper examines the implications of Saudi Arabia's pivot towards India and other allies on Islamabad's capacity to influence regional dynamics and formulate strategic decisions. This qualitative analysis examines bilateral agreements, public statements, and defense and trade statistics from 2014 to 2024, employing a framework of strategic alignment. The data indicate that Riyadh has implemented a prudent strategy, diminishing its ties with Pakistan while strengthening its relationship with India. This foreign relations strategy is realistic, emphasizing the goals of Vision 2030, including economic diversification and cooperative security initiatives. The situation in Pakistan is clear: if Islamabad does not engage with more Middle Eastern countries and expands the venues of its cooperative setups Saudi Arabia, the country faces the threat of increased isolation. This research enhances the ongoing discussion about the interactions between South Asia and the Gulf, along with the tactics middle powers might utilize to adapt to changes in the regional landscape.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: India, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Persian Gulf, Saudi Vision 2030 and hedging.
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Amna Mahmood
creator: Dr. Asia Karim
creator: Dr. Saima Ashraf Kayani
rights: Copyright (c) 2021 Sefarad
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.17411377

Unveiling Linguistic Oppression: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Gender and Power in A Thousand Splendid Suns by Khaled Hosseini
type: item
description: This study critically examines the representation of gender and power through linguistic practices in Khaled Hosseini’s A Thousand Splendid Suns. Using Fairclough’s three-dimensional model of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), the research unravels how language becomes a vehicle of oppression, subjugation, and resistance within the socio-political context of Afghanistan. The analysis highlights how male-dominated discourses perpetuate patriarchal control, silence women’s voices, and reinforce structures of inequality, while also tracing moments where female characters reclaim agency through acts of linguistic resistance. By foregrounding the interplay between language, ideology, and power, the study not only sheds light on the mechanisms of gendered oppression embedded in the novel but also contributes to broader discussions on the role of literature in reflecting and challenging societal norms. The findings underscore the importance of examining literary texts as sites of power negotiations and identity construction, particularly in contexts marked by gender-based marginalization.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Critical Discourse Analysis, gender, power, linguistic oppression and the novel A Thousand Splendid Suns.
  topic: keywords
creator: Zahra Saeed
creator: Fiza Saeed
creator: Anam Kanwal
creator: Uzma Sharif Khan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sefarad
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.17206258

Unraveling Digital Identity, Trauma and Memory: An Analysis of Posthumanism in Jennifer Egan’s The Candy House (2022)
type: item
description: Egan’s The Candy House (2022) presents a speculative yet sharply resonant portrayal of a future in which human consciousness, memory, and identity are radically altered by digital technology. Set in a world where individuals can upload and share their inner lives through a system called “Own Your Unconscious,” the novel interrogates the ethical, psychological, and existential dimensions of posthuman existence. This research critically explores how trauma, memory, and digital identity intersect in Egan’s narrative, employing a posthumanist framework to examine the dissolution of coherent selfhood in the face of algorithmic control, data commodification, and hyperconnectivity. Drawing on theoretical insights from scholars such as N. Katherine Hayles (1999) the study adopts a qualitative literary methodology grounded in close textual analysis. It investigates how digitally mediated memory alters the experience and expression of trauma, and how identity becomes fragmented, externalized, and socially constructed through technological systems. The findings suggest that Egan critiques the loss of narrative agency and emotional authenticity in a world driven by digital transparency and surveillance. Her portrayal of posthuman identity reflects both the seductive promise and the deep psychological cost of total technological immersion. This research contributes to broader conversations about the role of fiction in anticipating digital futures, and encourages further interdisciplinary inquiry into how emerging technologies reshape the human condition particularly in relation to memory, trauma, and the evolving contours of selfhood.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Posthumanism, trauma, memory, digital identity and contemporary literature.
  topic: keywords
creator: Manal Aman
creator: Shameen Imran
creator: Kiran Shahzadi
creator: Tooba Riaz
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sefarad
date: 2025-08-21
publication date: 2025-08-21
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.16921881

Ambidextrous Leadership and Entrepreneurial Orientation: A Dual-Path Strategy for Enhancing Operational Performance in Pakistan's Pharmaceutical Sector
type: item
description: Purpose - This study aims to investigate how ambidextrous leadership has contributed to the entrepreneurial orientation and enhanced operational performance of pharmaceutical firms in Pakistan. The study aims to determine the mediating role of entrepreneurial orientation in the connection between operational performance enhancement and ambidextrous leadership. Design/Methodology - We have successfully collected a sample of 335 individuals working as middle managers and top management team members in pharmaceutical companies in Pakistan. The data analysis was conducted using SmartPLS software version 4.2. Findings- The results of the research showed that there exists a positive influence of ambidextrous leadership on entrepreneurial orientation. The predictive role of entrepreneurial orientation in improving the performance of an organization's operations is also shedding light on the results of the research work. The convergence of leadership, Entrepreneurship, and streams of operations management is assisting this research to deliver to managerial literature. Additionally, the mediator of the entrepreneurial orientation of ambidextrous leadership is an improved operational performance relationship. Theoretical Implications- research is based on the magnitude of impact of Entrepreneurial orientation (EO) on the OP (Operational performance) in terms of the help of RBV theory or Resource-based view theory of the firm or organization, which is developed and enhanced in contrast to the theory of dynamic capabilities. Managerial Implications - The management of the organization should not overlook the importance of Operational Performance (OP) actions and initiatives in their approach, as they should not entirely rely on factors such as technology transfer. However, at the same time, they should strike a balance between cultivating an entrepreneurial style and promoting technology transfer among the organization's workforce or employees.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Operational Performance, Ambidextrous Leadership, Entrepreneurial orientation, pharmaceutical companies, Pakistan
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Imran
creator: Tarique Mahmood
creator: Kaenat Malik
creator: Rao Muhammad Rashid
creator: Muhammad Asif
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sefarad
date: 2025-08-09
publication date: 2025-08-09
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.16786379

https://sefaradjournal.net/index.php/view/article/view/21
type: item
title: Driving Innovation in Pakistani Manufacturing SMEs: How Human, Relational, and Structural Capital Foster Innovative Performance Through Technological Innovativeness, moderating role of Perceived Organizational Support
description: Purpose- This research aims to analyze the role of Human Capital, Relational Capital, and Structural Capital on Innovative Performance in Pakistani manufacturing SMEs. It also examines the mediating effect of Technological Innovativeness and the moderating effect of Perceived Organizational Support. Design/methodology/approach - The cross-sectional research design of a quantitative type is used. A structured survey was conducted to collect data among employees in manufacturing SMEs. Data analysis was done using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Findings - The findings reveal a positive correlation between the three-dimensional aspects of intellectual capital and innovation performance, both technologically and directly. Moreover, the influence of technological Innovativeness on innovative outputs is promoted by perceived organizational support. Practical implications - To be innovative, organizations should invest in knowledge resources, foster a positive work environment, and form strategic external alliances. Managerial implications - To achieve sustainable competitive advantage, managers should reinforce internal systems, employee learning, and foster cultures that encourage innovation. Originality/value - This paper expands the resource-based school of thought by incorporating intellectual Capital with Dynamic capabilities and situational forces in the innovation space of Small and medium-sized enterprises.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Intellectual Capital, innovative Performance, technological Innovativeness, perceived organizational support, and SME
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Tarique Mahmood
creator: Dr.Muhammad Imran
creator: Dr.Liaqat Ali
creator: Dr. Afaq Ali Khan
creator: Dr.Rao Muhammad Rashid
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sefarad
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.16786307

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Language and literature
type: item
description: Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis estimates the overall lan- guage skills of youth offenders involved with the juvenile justice system. Given the importance of this population, identifying avenues through which we can increase the likelihood of successful interventions is a necessary societal effort. Method: Eighteen studies, representing data from 3,304 individuals, contributed 82 effect sizes to the current analytic sample. We used random-effects modelsto estimate the overall mean effect size metric to address each research ques- tion and fit meta-regression models for each moderator analysis. Results: Results yielded that youth offenders presented with significantly lower language skills than their nonoffending peers ( g = −1.26). Furthermore, high pro- portions of the present meta-analytic sample were classified as youth with mod- erate (50%) and severe (10%) language disorders. In general, differences in lan- guage skills did not vary as a function of age, gender, or language measure type. We did detect significant differences as a function of sample country and type of peer comparison group.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, Language and literature
  topic: keywords
creator: Claire Kaplaan
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Sefarad
date: 2023-12-31
publication date: 2023-12-31

Reflections on the meaning of the main gates of Fatimid Cairo based on the dynasty’s doctrine, historiography and material remains
type: item
description: The gates of Fatimid Cairo are considered one of the most outstanding examples of Islamic defensive architecture in Egypt. Bāb al-Naṣr, Bāb al-Futūḥ, and Bāb Zuwayla were built at the end of the 11th c. by Badr al-Ǧamālī, the wazir of the Fatimid caliphate representing Shia Ismaili Islam. In order to understand the original meanings of the three gates, a multidisciplinary approach should be undertaken – the analysis of the Ismaili meaning of the word bāb (gate), a study of the narratives provided by Medieval authors and detailed observations of material remains from the archeological perspective. The opposition between bāṭin and ẓāhir (visible and hidden) – crucial for the Ismaili ideology, could also apply to architectural structures. Although the military function of the gates seems to be the prevailing feature, the decorations, inscriptions, and historical context of their creation indicate that it is only a part of the cultural biography of these monuments, which symbolic meaning is more complex.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: gate, Cairo, bāb, symbolism, Fatimids, Ismailism
  topic: keywords
creator: Magdalena Pinker
creator: Katarzyna Pachniak
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Sefarad
date: 2023-12-31
publication date: 2023-12-31

A Research into the Fact That Media Have Direct Effects on People in Different Ways
type: item
description: Whether the impacts of media on society are immediate or restricted has been a subject of discussion for a seriously prolonged stretch of time. The impacts of media address such circles as the political circle, the strict circle, the training area, the business area as well as the whole corporate practice. In spite of the presumptions of the restricted impacts hypothesis, the impact of the media on society is immediate. At the end of the day, the media influences the general public straightforwardly. This paper looks to approve this contention through zeroing in on the academic perspectives and well-qualified assessments of prestigious creators and experts in the sociologies. Further, the paper puts together its vital contentions with respect to the aftereffects of the exact examination executed using regarded books and creative academic investigated articles on the subject of media and society.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Arithmetic Instruction, Showing Advancements, High and Low Achievers
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Al Jenaibi
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Sefarad
date: 2023-12-31
publication date: 2023-12-31

Political Islam in Laila Lalami’s “The Fanatic” and Hanif Kureishi’s “My Son the Fanatic”
type: item
description: This article aims at comparing Laila Lalami’s short story “The Fanatic” and Hanif Kureishi’s “My Son the Fanatic”. Between the lines, it will discuss how Laila Lalami’s short story “The Fanatic” shows how the rise of political Islam in Morocco is partly responsible for conflicts between parents and their children. While the parents embrace what they perceive as a liberal Western culture, the children choose to support Islamic movements for political purposes. Like Lalami, Hanif Kureishi, as a Pakistani-British author, also sheds light on the theme of the generational gap to criticize the conflictual context generated by political Islam. Specifically, in his work “My Son the Fanatic,” he intentionally opens a debate on multiculturalism, cultural identity, and alienation to demonstrate how Western media’s misrepresentation of Islam easily creates a cultural struggle between parents and their children. Therefore, this article will compare the two short stories and will eventually discuss how political Islam after the Iranian revolution in 1979 significantly had an impact on Muslim youths, whether at home or in diaspora.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Political Islam, Laila Lalami, Hanif Kureishi, Secularism, Fundamentalism
  topic: keywords
creator: Kheira Bedjaoui
creator: Yousef Abu Amrieh
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Sefarad
date: 2023-12-31
publication date: 2023-12-31

Application of Quality Standards in the Pillars and Conditions of the “Istisna” “Manufacture” Contract
type: item
description: The concept of quality is one of the basic features of our present era, due to its wide use, and the increasing demand for it in many aspects of our contemporary life. There is no doubt that quality can only be achieved by diligent and hard work. Moreover, itis a technique by which humans enhance the individual and societal level through which they achieve success and accomplish the satisfaction of Allah,the Almighty. The Istisna“manufacture” contract is one of the important contracts in this era, because industrial progress has been active and flourished between individuals and peoples.The need for contracting to obtain or manufacturesome product that is needed by individuals and countries has arisen. Accordingly,I wanted to reveal what came in Islamic jurisprudence and related to this by applying quality standards in the pillars and conditions of the Istisna“manufacture” contract.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Application, Quality Standards, “Istisna“Manufacture” Contract
  topic: keywords
creator: Eissa Aleissa
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Sefarad
date: 2024-06-30
publication date: 2024-06-30

Poetic Responses to the Crucifixion in the Early Islamic Periods
type: item
description: As a means of humiliation and insult, some political figures prefer crucifixion over other punishments to diminish the physical as well as spiritual powers of their enemy. In this paper, I will shed light on the poetic reaction to such efforts by focusing on the dichotomy of sanctification versus desecration, the main grounds for the confrontation between crucifixion and poetry. Additionally, this paper explores the motifs and techniques employed by poets to restore the image of their crucified men, which had been greatly damaged by their crucifixion. Moreover, this paper seeks to gain a better understanding of how Arab poets took advantage of a group of religious concepts to promote their causes.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Crucifixion; Arabic Poetry; Sanctification; Desecration; Humiliation; Grave
  topic: keywords
creator: Fahd Alebdha
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Sefarad
date: 2024-06-30
publication date: 2024-06-30

Charting New Horizons: A Paradigm Shift in the Methodology of Islamic Economics
type: item
description: This study aims to examine and provide a critical view of the development of the proposed Islamic economic methodology. For this reason, the approach used is a conceptual study, which focuses on elaborating concepts and concepts related to Islamic economic methodology. This study proposes a new idea of Islamic economic methodology built on the transformational paradigm. This proposal is also a critical response to the methodological features of Islamic economics, which contemporary Islamic economic scholars have proposed. This proposal is built on an argument that the dichotomy between the "what is" and "ought to be" elements of Islamic economics should instead be seen as a basis for operating these dimensions according to their respective positions without the need for efforts to unify them. This operation supports the economic transformation agenda towards the ideal order aimed at Islamic economics. This proposal is also an important contribution to developing the "body of knowledge" of Islamic economics, where the methodology applied in generating Islamic economic concepts, theories, and strategies is ideally built on a transformation framework.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Islamic economics, methodology of economics, ought to be, what is, and transformational paradigm
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Sholihin
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Sefarad
date: 2024-06-30
publication date: 2024-06-30

Understanding Political Obedience in Ḥadīth Literature
type: item
description: This study examines obedience to the ruler in Islam, focusing on the prominent collections of ḥadīth, primarily Ibn al-Athīr’s Jāmi‘ al-Uṣūl fī Aḥādīth al-Rasūl. It conducts a comprehensive textual and contextual analysis, extending its exploration to classical and contemporary works on Islamic political thought. The primary objective is to unveil insightful clues that contribute to a profound understanding of obedience, synthesizing original Islamic sources, historical experiences of the ummah, and the current realities of the Islamic world.Bottom of Form The study argues that the concept of ‘obedience’ emerges as conditional and contextual, balancing the rights of the ruler and the people. Also, the term ulū al-amr, symbolizing the joint effort of legislation, law enforcement, and adjudication, rejects autocratic power and political tyranny. Rulers are expected to consult with scholars, emphasizing a reciprocal relationship for the benefit of the ummah. The study further identifies a three-tiered classification of obedience: normative obedience rooted in love and respect for just rulers, obedience of necessity applied to corrupt rulers of the Muslim history prior to the collapse of the Caliphate , and emergency obedience to leaders in the contemporary era. On the basis of ‘averting harm takes priority over bringing the benefit’ dictum, Islamic law has ordered that the despotism of the ruler, viewed as a fait accompli, is ought to be endured, and obedience given till the time is ripe for change.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: obedience, Jāmi‘ al-Uṣūl, ruler, community, Ḥadīth, authority.
  topic: keywords
creator: Bachar Bakour
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Sefarad
date: 2024-12-31
publication date: 2024-12-31

Semantic Fields in the Play Man and the Other by Yasser Madkhali: A Semantic Study
type: item
description: The study of meaning is one of the most important goals of modern linguistic lessons because meaning forms the basis of communication and understanding among members of human society. Words serve as symbols of functions through which humans communicate, and the meanings of these words are intertwined in relationships of similarity, dissonance, or participation. Theatrical discourse, as a form of literary discourse, relies on language as a tool for communication, addressing both readers and the audience. Examining it from a semantic perspective is crucial for understanding not only the language itself but also the cultural context it represents. The theory of semantic fields aims to analyze the communication process in language and classify it based on semantic domains. This classification is dependent on categorizing words according to their semantic fields and identifying the semantic relationships between these domains. Since theatrical discourse mirrors linguistic situations found in the real world, dialogues in theatrical scenes provide rich material for semantic studies. This study's objective is to track and analyze the words used in the play "Man and the Other" within the context of their significance. It aims to shed light on Saudi theatrical production while showcasing the applicability of semantic analysis to literary texts using the theory of semantic fields. Through this study, we uncover the semantic relationships within the semantic field embedded in theatrical discourse, providing valuable insights into both the play's context and the broader field of semantic analysis.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: semantics, semantic fields, theatrical discourse, Man and the other
  topic: keywords
creator: Jinan Altamimi
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Sefarad
date: 2024-12-31
publication date: 2024-12-31

The effect of premenstrual syndrome on delinquency In Iranian law
type: item
description: Many physicians and jurists believe there is a link between premenstrual syndrome and delinquency, which should be taken into account while reducing the sentence. Premenstrual syndrome has a mitigating influence on punishment in many countries' legal systems; however this issue has not been discussed in Iranian law. Since this syndrome has been diagnosed as a type of mental disorder, review the legal materials related to insanity and mental disorder in Iranian law, as well as review existing interpretations of the word harassment (adhā) in verse 222 of Surah Al-Baqarah (which is related to women's menstruation), It can be studied whether there is a mitigating effect of the syndrome on punishment in Iranian law. The present study is aimed to determine whether Iranian law and jurisprudence support the hypothesis that a group of women, during their menstrual cycle, are more disposed to commit criminal behavior, so it is necessary to reduce their punishment.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Menstruation, premenstrual syndrome disorder, mitigation of punishment, adhā
  topic: keywords
creator: Abolfazl Alishahi GhalehJoughi
creator: Sedighe Riahi Rad
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Sefarad
date: 2024-12-31
publication date: 2024-12-31

The Effect of "Police Image" in Hong Kong Gangster Films on the Public's Perception of Police
type: item
description: The intricate interplay between the portrayal of Hong Kong police in gangster films and the public's perception of law enforcement signifies a dynamic relationship between entertainment media and societal realities. This study delves into the multifaceted influences that shape public attitudes towards law enforcement in Hong Kong, with a specific focus on media representations, personal experiences, and cultural variables. Conducting semi-structured interviews with 22 Hong Kong residents, this research employed a rigorous three-step coding analysis – encompassing open, axial, and selective coding – to unveil patterns and themes within interview data. The findings reveal a diverse array of factors contributing to public perceptions of law enforcement. Media portrayals, particularly in gangster films, emerged as influential, with positive portrayals correlating with favorable opinions, and negative portrayals leading to more negative attitudes. However, the impact of media was just one facet. Personal interactions with police were pivotal determinants, with positive encounters fostering trust, and negative ones contributing to skepticism. Cultural variables, including age, gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status, also played significant roles in shaping attitudes. Cultural values, such as Confucian principles and liberal ideals, underpinned varying perspectives on the police. The practical ramifications of this research include providing legislators and law enforcement agencies with ideas on how to strengthen relations between the police and the community and foster public trust. It also establishes the framework for further research, encouraging investigation into the influence of media on public opinion in various cultural situations. In summary, this study unveils the complex relationship between media, culture, and public perceptions of law enforcement in Hong Kong, providing a nuanced understanding of this intricate interplay.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Police Image, Hong Kong Gangster Films, Public Perception, Media Portrayal
  topic: keywords
creator: Ziheng Zhou
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Sefarad
date: 2024-12-31
publication date: 2024-12-31

A Semiotic Discourse Analysis of Billboards in Multan
type: item
description: The current study critically examines the visual techniques used in the advertising presented on billboards advertisement. For this purpose, researchers have collected data from different areas of Multan. The important places include Chowk Kumharan, Vehari Chowk, Chungi no.9 and Multan Cantt. The researches have collected data of all the brands displayed on these places in the months of July and August 2022. The collected data was analyzed at linguistic and semiotic level by applying Roland Barthes model of Semiotic Discourse Analysis to find out the ideologies used by the advertisers. The research findings validate that word, picture and conjunctions function to spread desired ideologies to the target audience. In this way, it is revealed that advertisement is an important genre and that different brands at various locations on billboards can capture the attention of the viewers, which is accomplished by employing various persuasive techniques in the form of visual and linguistic analysis. The producers make every effort to both boost their output and acquire the support of both genders.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Icon, Discourse Analysis, Consumerism, Advertising strategy, Interpellation
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Jahangeer
creator: Muhammad Nasir
creator: Mehvish Jamil
creator: Rabia Fayyaz
creator: Muhammad Asif Nadeem
creator: Marrium Shakoor
creator: Azka Javed
creator: Dr.Munawar Amin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sefarad
date: 2025-06-29
publication date: 2025-06-29

Famous Pathan personalities in Iqbal's poetry
type: item
description: Iqbal's poetry collection "Baal-e-Jabreel" includes a short poem titled "Kushhal Khan ki Wasiyat". This poem is related to the famous Pashto poet Khushal Khan Khattak (1613-1689). In this poem, Iqbal has paid tribute to the martyrdom and struggle of Khushal Khan Khattak. Some critics are of the opinion that Khushal Khan Khattak also has similar concepts of Self, Shaheen and Mard-i-Momin which are frequently found in Iqbal's poetry. Like Iqbal, he is convinced of the greatness of man and his place in the universe and teaches the lesson of achieving high goals and hard work. One of his books is titled "Baz Nama" and Baz or Shaheen. It is a bird with high qualities and glory.This similarity and sharing of thoughts between these two great poets is amazing. Iqbal obviously may not have read Khushal Khan Khattak's Pashto Kalam, but he was nevertheless familiar with his name and work, and the English translation of Khushal Khan Khattak's poems (which was published in London) might have passed his eyes. Mir Abdul Samad has written that Khushal Khan Khattak's Diwan contains a little mixed poetry of Pashto and Hindi or Urdu, which shows that he had also studied Urdu poetry of his time. It is estimated that Iqbal was very fond of pathans. In this article, Iqbal's love for Pathan tribes has been made a topic.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: Iqbal and Pathans, Iqbal's poetry, Khushal Khan Khattak (1613-1689), Pashto Kalam, London, "Baz Nama", Mard-i-Momin, "Kushhal Khan ki Wasiyat", Baz or Shaheen, Iqbal's love for Pathan, Islam, the Qur'an and the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), "pan-humanism", Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, Allama Iqbal's philosophy, superficiality, Dagh Dehelvi, and Amir Minai, Riaz Khairabadi, May 1968 issue of the magazine "Islamic Culture"
creator: Dr. Aqsa Naseem Sindhu
creator: Ruqia Shabbeer
creator: Dr. Ijaz Ahmad Jan
creator: Nisar Ali
creator: Dr. Mutahir Shah
creator: Dr.Muhammad Rahman
creator: Syed Azwar Abbas
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sefarad
date: 2025-06-29
publication date: 2025-06-29

The novel "Khas wa Khashak Zamanay" in the context of 9/11 and terrorism
type: item
description: Mustansar Hussain Tarar's novel "Khas wa khashak zamanay"is not just a novel, it's an ocean, with many islands. Many characters rise like waves and then sink into the sea. This novel also blows you away like a “khashak”. Sometimes you are in Punjab in 1940 and sometimes in Canada in 2008. Bakht Jahan's character shocks you by saying “Kadi Yawah”. Sometimes the doubts of his daughter also arise in your mind. There are many characters in this novel who are full of unique colors of life. It is a history of Pakistani society and also a lamentation. You can compare this novel with the masterpieces of world literature. Despite its length, it never gets boring for a moment. Like his novel “Rakh”, there are four chickens in this novel and Mustansar Hussain Tarar repeatedly explains that these four chickens have nothing to do with happiness.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: "Khas wa khashak zamanay", Mustansar Hussain Tarar, 9/11 and terrorism, Punjab in 1940, Canada in 2008. Bakht Jahan's character, “Kadi Yawah, Inamullah, America, Muslim terrorism, "Qila Jangi", “Rakh”, Afghanistan, the American media, terrorism, Taliban, Al-Qaeda, Jihad, Islamic Jihad eighty-three thousand innocent bodies.
creator: Dr. Khizra Tabassum
creator: Dr. Qadeer Anjum Bajwa
creator: Dr. Sobia Manzoor
creator: Dr. Samina Shamshad
creator: Sidra Kiran
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sefarad
date: 2025-06-29
publication date: 2025-06-29

Surveying Ecological Narratives in Pakistani Electronic Media Commercials: A Multi Modal Discourse Analysis
type: item
description: The present study explores the complex world of green advertising in Pakistani electronic media ads by concentrating on important research topics that are firmly rooted in accepted theoretical framework. The researchers delve into the intricate relationships between multimodal themes, color psychology, and persuasive communication in the distinct electronic media ecosystem of Pakistan. The research highlights the value of a comprehensive strategy for environmentally friendly advertising, highlighting the interplay between language, images, and color as demarcated by Kress and Van Leeuwen's Audience Multimodality Theory by selecting six advertisements on Eco linguistics. The research high spots the significance of cultural and linguistic subtleties in influencing audience engagement with environmentally friendly messaging through its examination of Pakistani electronic media. These exposes our awareness of how Pakistani electronic media environments employ green advertising to influence attitudes and actions, ultimately leading to a more ecologically aware populace.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Green living, sustainability, environmentalism, Eco semiotics, Visual-verbal interaction
  topic: keywords
creator: Rabia Fayyaz
creator: Nasir Abbas
creator: Fehmina Nazar
creator: Atif Sohail
creator: Marrium Shakoor
creator: Hassan Raza
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sefarad
date: 2025-06-29
publication date: 2025-06-29

Depiction of the Informal Waste Sector in Mridula Koshy's Novel Bicycle Dreaming
type: item
description: Literature is concerned with depicting the physical environment, through concrete portrayal of settings, human-environment connections, and human's interactions within the environment. Since waste-picking is essential in preserving an unpolluted environment, literature pays attention to this crucial process. Waste pickers, either formal or informal, provide apparent examples of human- environment connections. This study discusses the depiction of informal-waste sector in Mridula Koshy's novel Bicycle Dreaming (2016). It aims to investigate the harsh circumstances in which informal waste pickers live in an Indian colony, and the difficulties they face during their job. Moreover, it seeks to reveal the importance of informal waste-sector in maintaining a livable for humans. These aims are fulfilled with reference to Ecocritical Theory and the Cultural Theory. The study recommends regulating the work of the informal waste sector within a legal framework. This framework is supposed to provide them with the protection that they need to avoid the challenges arising from this profession.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Ecocriticism, Informal-waste sector, Cultural Theory, hafta, kabadiwali, kabadiwala
  topic: keywords
creator: Shatha M. Abuelhommus
creator: Husam A. Abu Hajar
creator: Abdelsalam A. Hammash
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sefarad
date: 2025-06-23
publication date: 2025-06-23

Orientalism and Colonial Legacies in Bollywood’s Film Earth (1999)
type: item
description: Bollywood is considered to be one of the significant cinemas in the world. As the Indian Sub-continent remained a British colony, its society is filled with colonial characteristics, not only in terms of society but also in terms of cinema, culture, linguistics, and literature. The partition of the Indian Sub-continent is considered one of the most important themes in twentieth-century cinema. Earth is a romantic drama-film about the partition of the Indian Sub-continent. This film depicts the period of 1947, focusing on the lives of the individuals who lived during that time. This study examines not just British occupiers’ oriental representation to the colonized locals but also colonial cultural legacies in Indian Sub-continent society as depicted in the film. Edward Said’s postcolonial theory, which includes the key notion of orientalism has been applied to the film in order to analyze it.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Orientalism, Colonial Legacies, Post Colonialism, Bollywood, Film Studies, Cinematography
  topic: keywords
creator: Hamza Hassan
creator: Teo Miaw Lee
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sefarad
date: 2025-06-20
publication date: 2025-06-20

Bridging Hearts and Cultures: Embracing Interfaith Marriages in Islam
type: item
description: This research aims to explore interfaith marriages in Islam, specifically focusing on embracing such unions within the context of Islamic teachings. By employing a qualitative methodology, including a literature review of Islamic texts, scholarly articles, and legal documents, diverse perspectives on the subject are gathered. The findings indicate that interfaith marriages are not explicitly prohibited in Islam, but certain guidelines and conditions are prescribed to ensure the preservation of faith and harmonious relationships. Islamic law recognizes the validity of marriages with Ahli al-Kitab, granting rights and responsibilities to both parties. This study suggests that Islam provides a framework for embracing interfaith marriages through respect, understanding, and open communication. It emphasizes the importance of nurturing love, compassion, and shared values to bridge hearts and cultures in these unions, fostering unity and mutual growth within diverse religious contexts. The research sheds light on the potential for interfaith marriages to thrive within Islamic principles, promoting coexistence and harmony.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Marriage, Interfaith, Islam, Ahali kitab, Islam’s law, the holy Quran
  topic: keywords
creator: Murshida Khatun
creator: Md Amirul Islam
creator: A. K. M Abdul Latif
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sefarad
date: 2025-06-16
publication date: 2025-06-16

Critical Elements in Determining Housing Satisfaction among Households: A Systematic Literature Review
type: item
description: Over the past decade most of the research in housing has emphasized that, home is one of the most important basic needs of human beings. Traditionally, preferred high quality housing unit among households have been increased high satisfaction, may also improve social, economic and political. However, research has consistently shown that, lacking preferred housing unit facing poor satisfaction among households. This debate about poor satisfaction been demonstrating that showed negative impact, unoccupied housing units, high maintenance costs, high labour costs and will increase in unsold housing. This aim of this study is to investigate the determinant critical elements in housing satisfaction among households. This study systematically review articles by numerous authors in housing satisfaction, aiming to provide a better understanding about elements affected among households. This study will describe the methods used to analyse housing satisfaction papers among households. Researchers used the PRISMA Statement (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). The aim is to focus more on this study to identify housing satisfaction papers by making a paper search source that only involves Scopus database. Interestingly, 32 out of 282 articles have been observed, identified and qualitative was used. A further study with more focus on method qualitative design are recommended.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Housing Satisfaction, Customer Satisfaction, Households Satisfaction, Housing Planing, Social Housing, Housing Unit and Social Environment
  topic: keywords
creator: Baihaki Abdullah
creator: Azreen Hamiza Abdul Aziz
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sefarad
date: 2025-06-01
publication date: 2025-06-01